冷干機屬于氣動系統(tǒng)中的氣源處理元件。冷干機由制冷壓縮機、冷凝器、蒸發(fā)器、膨脹閥這幾部分組成。冷干機按照冷卻的方式分為了水冷型與氣冷型這兩種；按進氣溫度分為常溫進氣型與高溫進氣型；按工作壓力分普通型、中、高壓型。還有許多特殊規(guī)格的冷干機能用來處理非空氣類介質(zhì)。接下來介紹一下冷干機工作原理。

    冷干機工作原理

 

    冷凍式壓縮空氣干燥機通過冷卻降溫，使壓縮空氣中的水蒸氣凝結(jié)成液滴，從而達到減少含濕量的目的，凝結(jié)出的液滴經(jīng)過排水系統(tǒng)排出干燥機。壓縮空氣進入干燥機的預(yù)冷器中，在預(yù)冷器里，進入的熱空氣被出去的冷空氣先冷卻降溫一部分，這就減少了系統(tǒng)的負荷。預(yù)冷后的空氣然后進入蒸發(fā)器，在這里，空氣放出的熱量被冷媒吸收，冷卻到預(yù)先設(shè)定的溫度。

 

    空氣被冷卻后就使水蒸氣凝結(jié)成液滴，并通過汽水分離器從空氣中分離出來，又經(jīng)自動排水器排出機外，離開汽水分離器后，冷空氣進入預(yù)熱器的殼程，與入口熱空氣進行熱交換在被加熱到大約與入口空氣相差10℃后離開干燥機。這種再加熱防止外部出口空氣管路和下游管路的二次結(jié)露，還增加了空氣的能量，提高了效用。此外，壓縮空氣經(jīng)過干燥機后，其中的大直徑固體塵粒都已經(jīng)被濾除，氣源品質(zhì)達到清潔、干燥的要求?？諝庀冉?jīng)預(yù)冷器降溫除去一部分水，再經(jīng)蒸發(fā)器大幅度降溫除去大量的水，通過擋水板或汽水分離器把冷凝水排到隔污桶，再經(jīng)排水器排出。

 

    冷干機工作過程

 

    制冷壓縮機將蒸發(fā)器內(nèi)的低壓(低溫)制冷劑吸人壓縮機汽缸內(nèi)，制冷劑蒸汽經(jīng)過壓縮，壓力、溫度同時升高；高壓高溫的制冷劑蒸汽被壓至冷凝器，在冷凝器內(nèi)．溫度較高的制冷劑蒸汽與溫度比較低的冷卻水或空氣進行熱交換．制冷劑的熱量被水或空氣帶走而冷凝下來，制冷劑蒸汽變成了液體。這部分液體再被輸送至膨脹閥，經(jīng)過膨脹觸節(jié)流成了低溫低壓的液體并進^蒸發(fā)器；在蒸發(fā)器內(nèi)低溫、低壓的制冷劑液體吸收壓縮空氣的熱量而蒸發(fā)，而壓縮空氣得到冷卻后凝結(jié)出大量的液體水；蒸發(fā)器中的制冷劑蒸汽叉被壓縮機吸走，這樣制冷劑便在系統(tǒng)中經(jīng)過壓縮、冷凝、節(jié)流、蒸發(fā)這樣四個過程，從而完成了一個循環(huán)。

 

    以上就是為大家介紹的冷干機工作原理了，在使用的過程中要經(jīng)常去檢查制冷系統(tǒng)，定期擦除設(shè)備表面的油污和塵埃。清除地面上的灰塵及油污，保持冷干機周圍環(huán)境的整潔。以確保冷干機能長時間的正常工作。

The air source processing element in the pneumatic system. The cooling and drying machine is composed of refrigeration compressor, condenser, evaporator and expansion valve. According to the way of cooling, the cold-drying machine is divided into water-cooled type and air-cooled type. According to the intake temperature, it is divided into normal temperature intake type and high temperature intake type. According to the working pressure of the general type, medium, high pressure type. There are also a number of special specifications of cooling and drying machines to deal with non-air media. Next, introduce the working principle of the cold dryer.

 

Working principle of cold dryer

 

 

 

Refrigerated compressed air dryer through cooling, so that the compressed air vapor condenses into droplets, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the moisture content, condensed droplets through the drainage system out of the dryer. Compressed air enters the dryer's pre-cooler, in the pre-cooler, the incoming hot air is cooled by the cold air out of the first part, this reduces the load on the system. The precooled air then enters the evaporator, where the heat from the air is absorbed by the refrigerant and cooled to a predetermined temperature.

 

 

 

After the air is cooled, the water vapor condenses into droplets, which are separated from the air through the soda separator and discharged from the machine through the automatic drain. After leaving the soda separator, the cold air enters the shell side of the preheater and conducts heat exchange with the hot air at the inlet. After being heated to about 10℃ different from the inlet air, it leaves the dryer. This reheating prevents secondary condensation in external outlet air lines and downstream air lines, and increases the energy and utility of the air. In addition, after the compressed air passes through the dryer, the large diameter solid dust particles are filtered out, and the air source quality meets the requirements of cleaning and drying. Air cooling by pre-cooler to remove part of the water, and then by the evaporator large cooling to remove a lot of water, through the baffle plate or soda separator to drain the condensed water to the pollution bucket, and then through the drainage device.

 

 

 

The working process of the cold dryer

 

 

 

The refrigerating compressor absorbs the low pressure (low temperature) refrigerant in the evaporator into the compressor cylinder, and the refrigerant steam is compressed, and the pressure and temperature rise at the same time. High pressure and high temperature refrigerant vapor is pressed into the condenser, inside the condenser. Higher temperature refrigerant vapor and lower temperature cooling water or air heat exchange. The heat from the refrigerant is carried away by water or air and condenses. The refrigerant vapor turns into a liquid. This part of the liquid is then transferred to the expansion valve, through the expansion of contact throttle into low temperature and low pressure liquid parallel to the evaporator; In the evaporator, the refrigerant liquid at low temperature and low pressure absorbs heat from the compressed air and evaporates, while the compressed air is cooled and condenses a large amount of liquid water. The refrigerant vapor fork in the evaporator is sucked away by the compressor, so the refrigerant goes through the four processes of compression, condensation, throttling and evaporation in the system, thus completing a cycle.

 

 

 

The above is for you to introduce the working principle of the cold dryer, in the use of the process to often check the refrigeration system, regularly wipe the equipment surface oil and dust. Remove dirt and grease from the floor and keep the surrounding area clean. To ensure that the cold - dry function long - term normal work.